Safety is no small matter: Risk prevention guide for adding viscosity-reducing dispersants
Safety is no small matter: Risk prevention guide for adding viscosity-reducing dispersants
In industrial production and material processing, viscosity-reducing dispersants have become indispensable additives due to their excellent performance optimization effects. However, many viscosity-reducing dispersants contain chemically active ingredients. If used improperly, they may cause health hazards, fire and explosion or environmental pollution and other safety issues. To ensure safe operation, it is necessary to master the key safety points when adding viscosity-reducing dispersants.
I. Personal protection: building a solid health defense line
Most viscosity-reducing dispersants may be irritating, corrosive or toxic, and direct contact with the skin, eyes or inhalation of volatile gases will threaten human health. Operators must take comprehensive protection:
Wear protective equipment: Wear chemical-resistant protective gloves, goggles and long-sleeved work clothes during operation to avoid direct contact between skin and viscosity-reducing dispersants. For example, when contacting viscosity-reducing dispersants containing organic solvents, nitrile rubber gloves must be used to prevent solvents from penetrating the skin; when contacting powdered viscosity-reducing dispersants, dust masks must be worn to prevent dust from being inhaled into the respiratory tract.
Respiratory protection: When adding viscosity reducing dispersants in a poorly ventilated environment, you should wear a gas mask or use a fume hood. The organic vapors emitted by some viscosity reducing dispersants are toxic. For example, products containing benzene series may damage the nervous system after inhalation. The gas filter canister of the gas mask needs to be selected according to the specific ingredients.
Avoid accidental ingestion: It is strictly forbidden to eat and drink at the operation site. Wash your hands and face in time after operation to prevent the residual viscosity reducing dispersant from entering the body with food.
II. Storage and transportation: Eliminate potential hidden dangers
Improper storage and transportation of viscosity reducing dispersants can easily cause safety accidents and need to follow strict regulations:
Storage environment requirements: Viscosity reducing dispersants should be stored in a cool, dry and ventilated warehouse, away from fire and heat sources. For example, viscosity reducing dispersants containing peroxide components may decompose or even explode in a high temperature environment. The storage temperature must be strictly controlled within the specified range of the product; acidic and alkaline viscosity reducing dispersants should be stored separately to prevent mutual reaction.
Container sealing: Ensure that the storage container is well sealed and tighten the bottle cap or close the valve in time after use. If the container is damaged or leaking, not only will the viscosity reducing dispersant fail, but the leaked chemicals may also pollute the environment or cause a fire. For highly volatile products, sealing management should be strengthened.
Transportation specifications: During transportation, the viscosity reducing dispersant should be shipped separately from oxidants, edible chemicals, etc. to avoid dangerous reactions. Vehicles must be equipped with appropriate fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment, and the transportation route should avoid densely populated areas to prevent accidental leakage from causing large-scale harm.
III. Operation specifications: Prevent accidents from happening
Scientific operation procedures are the core of safe addition of viscosity reducing dispersants:
Correct addition method: When adding viscosity reducing dispersants, add them slowly under the condition of stable operation of the stirring equipment to avoid excessive local concentrations causing violent reactions. It is strictly forbidden to pour the viscosity reducing dispersant directly into high-temperature materials to prevent instantaneous volatilization to produce harmful gases or cause boiling.
Control the addition speed: Too fast addition may cause the system temperature to rise suddenly, produce foam or cause other unstable phenomena. Especially when dealing with flammable and explosive systems, the violent reaction caused by rapid addition may cause fire or explosion, and the addition speed must be strictly controlled according to process requirements.
Equipment inspection: Before operation, check whether the conveying pipeline, valve, agitator and other equipment are intact and whether there are any leaks. If the equipment is found to be aging or not sealed tightly, it should be repaired or replaced in time to prevent the viscosity reducing dispersant from leaking.
IV. Emergency treatment: Reduce accident losses
Even if preventive measures are taken, unexpected situations may still occur, so it is necessary to master emergency treatment methods:
Leakage treatment: Once the viscosity reducing dispersant leaks, people should be evacuated to a safe area immediately and the fire source should be cut off. For small leaks, inert materials such as sand and vermiculite can be used for adsorption; for large leaks, it is necessary to build a dike or dig a pit to accommodate it, and use an explosion-proof pump to transfer it to a special collection container and hand it over to a professional organization for treatment. Be careful to avoid leaks entering the sewer or water body, causing environmental pollution.
Fire fighting: Choose appropriate fire extinguishing equipment according to the composition of the viscosity reducing dispersant. In case of fire caused by organic solvents, dry powder fire extinguishers and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers can be used to extinguish the fire; if the viscosity reducing dispersant reacts with water, it cannot be extinguished with water, and special chemical fire extinguishing agents must be used.
First aid for personnel: If the skin contacts the viscosity-reducing dispersant, immediately remove the contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes; if the eyes contact, lift the eyelids, rinse with running water or saline and seek medical attention; if accidentally inhaled or ingested, quickly move to a place with fresh air, keep the respiratory tract open, if breathing stops, immediately perform artificial respiration and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.
Safety issues when adding viscosity-reducing dispersants cannot be taken lightly. By doing a good job of personal protection, standardizing storage and transportation, strictly following the operating procedures and mastering emergency treatment methods, safety risks can be minimized to ensure personnel safety, normal operation of equipment and environmental pollution.